Neurobiology of Suicide and Aggression
J. John Mann, M.D.
Department of Neuroscience
New York State Psychiatric Institute
722 West 168th Street, Box 28
New York, NY 10032
Phone: (212)543-5571, Fax: (212)543-6017.
REFERENCES
1. Arango V, Ernsberger P, Marzuk PM, et al. Autoradiographic demonstration of increased serotonin 5-HT2 and b-adrenergic receptor binding sites in the brain of suicide victims. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47:1038-1047.
2. Arango V, Ernsberger P, Sved AF, Mann JJ. Quantitative autoradiography of a1-and a2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebral cortex of controls and suicide victims. Brain Res 1993;630:271-282.
3. Arango V, Miller WE, Miller ML, Underwood MD, Smith RW, Mann JJ. Quantitative autoradiography of 5-HT1A binding in suicide. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1991;17:1472.
4. Ågren H. Symptom patterns in unipolar and bipolar depression correlating with monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid. II. Suicide. Psychiatry Res 1980;3:225-236.
5. Ågren H. Depressive symptom patterns and urinary MHPG excretion. Psychiatry Res 1982;6:185-196.
6. Åsberg M, Thorén P, Träskman L, Bertilsson L, Ringberger V. "Serotonin depression" -A biochemical subgroup within the affective disorders? Science 1976;191:478-480.
7. Banki CM, Arató M. Amine metabolites and neuroendocrine responses related to depression and suicide. J Affect Disord 1983;5:223-232.
8. Beck A, Schuyler D, Herman J. Development of suicidal intent scales. In: Beck A, Resnick K, Letierri D, eds. The prediction of suicide. Bowie, MD: Charles Press, 1974.
9. Beck AT, Steer RA. Clinical predictors of eventual suicide: A 5-to 10-year prospective study of suicide attempters. J Affect Disord 1989;17:203-209.
10. Biegon A, Israeli M. Regionally selective increases in b-adrenergic receptor density in the brains of suicide victims. Brain Res 1988;442:199-203.
11. Brown GL, Ebert MH, Goyer PF, et al. Aggression, suicide and serotonin: Relationships to CSF amine metabolites. Am J Psychiatry 1982;139:741-746.
12. Brunner HG, Nelen M, Breakefield XO, Ropers HH, van Oost BA. Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A. Science 1993;262:578-580.
13. Cheetham SC, Crompton MR, Katona CLE, Horton RW. Brain 5-HT2 receptor binding sites in depressed suicide victims. Brain Res 1988;443:272-280.
14. Coccaro EF. Central serotonin and impulsive aggression. Br J Psychiatry 1989;155:52-62.
15. Coccaro EF, Kavoussi RJ, Hauger R. PRL responses to D-fenfluramine and D,L-fenfluramine in man. American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 32nd Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii 1993;160.
16. Coid J. The epidemiology of abnormal homicide and murder followed by suicide. Psychol Med 1983;13:855-860.
17. Cooper SJ, Kelly CB, King DJ. 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid and prediction of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia. Lancet 1992;340:940-941.
18. Copenhaver JH, Schalock RL, Carver MJ. parachloro-D,L-phenylalanine induced filicidal behavior in the female rate. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1978;8:263-270.
19. Daniel AE, Kashani JH. Women who commit crimes of violence. Psychiatric Annals 1983;13:697-708.
20. De Paermentier F, Cheetham SC, Crompton MR, Katona CLE, Horton RW. Brain b-adrenoceptor binding sites in antidepressant-free depressed suicide victims. Brain Res 1990;525:71-77.
21. EdmanG, Åsberg M, Levander S, Schalling D. Skin conductance habituation and cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in suicidal patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:586-592.
22. Eichelman B. Neurochemical and psychopharmacologic aspects of aggressive behavior. In: Meltzer HY, ed. Psychopharmacology: The third generation of progress. New York: Raven Press, 1987;697-704.
23. Garattini S, Giacolone E, Valzelli L. Biochemical changes during isolation-induced aggressiveness in mice. In: Garattini S, Sigg EG, eds. Aggressive behavior. New York: John Wiley, 1969;179-187.
24. Gardner DL, Lucas PB, Cowdry RW. CSF metabolites in borderline personality disorder compared with normal controls. Biol Psychiatry 1990;28:247-254.
25. Gorney B. Domestic violence and chemical dependency: Dual problems, dual interventions. J Psychoactive Drugs 1989;21:229-238.
26. Gross-Isseroff R, Dillon KA, Fieldust SJ, Biegon A. Autoradiographic analysis of a1-noradrenergic receptors in the human brain postmortem. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47:1049-1053.
27. Gross-Isseroff R, Salama D, Israeli M, Biegon A. Autoradiographic analysis of [3H]ketanserin binding in the human brain postmortem: Effect of suicide. Brain Res 1990;507:208-215.
28. Hen R, Boschert U, Lemeur M, et al. 5-HT1B receptor "KNOCK OUT": Pharmacological and behavioral consequences. Society for Neuroscience 23rd Annual Meeting, Washington, D C 1993;19:632.
29. Hildebrand J, Bourgeois F, Buyse M, Przedborski S, Goldman S. Reproducibility of monoamine metabolite measurements in human cerebrospinal fluid. Acta Neurol Scand 1990;81:427-430.
30. Jones JS, Stanley B, Mann JJ, et al. CSF 5-HIAA and HVA concentrations in elderly depressed patients who attempted suicide. Am J Psychiatry 1990;147:1225-1227.
31. Joyce JN, Shane A, Lexow N, Winokur A, Casanova MF, Kleinman JE. Serotonin uptake sites and serotonin receptors are altered in the limbic system of schizophrenics. Neuropsychopharmacology 1993;8:315-336.
32. Katz RJ. Role of serotonergic mechanisms in animal models of predation. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol 1980;4:219-231.
33. Koslow SH, Maas JW, Bowden CL, David JM, Hanin I, Javaid J. CSF and urinary biogenic amines and metabolism in depression and mania. A controlled univariate analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1983;40:999-1010.
34. Kraemer GW, Clarke AS. The behavioral neurobiology of self-injurious behavior in rhesus monkeys. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1990;14 (Supplement):S141-S168.
35. Lagattuta TF, Henteleff RA, Arango V, Mann JJ. Reduction in cortical serotonin transporter site number in suicide victims in the absence of altered levels of serotonin, its precursors or metabolite. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1992;18:1598.
36. Laruelle M, Abi-Dargham A, Casanova MF, Toti R, Weinberger DR, Kleinman JE. Selective abnormalities of prefrontal serotonergic receptors in schizophrenia: A postmortem study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:810-818.
37. Lemus CZ, Lieberman JA, Johns CA, Pollack S, Bookstein P, Cooper TB. CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels and suicide attempts in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 1990;27:926-929.
38. Linnoila M, Virkkunen M, Scheinin M, Nuutila A, Rimond R, Goodwin FK. Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration differentiates impulsive from non-impulsive violent behavior. Life Sci 1983;33:2609-2614.
39. Little KY, Clark TB, Ranc J, Duncan GE. b-Adrenergic receptor binding in frontal cortex from suicide victims. Biol Psychiatry 1993;34:596-605.
40. Lopez-Ibor JJ, Saiz-Ruiz R, Perez de los Cobos JC. Biological correlations of suicide and aggressivity in major depressions (with melancholia): 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and cortisol in cerebral spinal fluid, dexamethasone suppression test and therapeutic response to 5-hydroxytryptophan. Neuropsychobiology 1985;14:67-74.
41. Mann JJ, Marzuk PM, Arango V, McBride PA, Leon AC, Tierney H. Neurochemical studies of violent and nonviolent suicide. Psychopharmacol Bull 1989;25:407-413.
42. Mann JJ, Stanley M, McBride PA, McEwen BS. Increased serotonin2 and b-adrenergic receptor binding in the frontal cortices of suicide victims. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:954-959.
43. Mann JJ, Underwood MD, Arango V. Postmortem studies of suicide victims. In: Watson SJ, ed. Biology of schizophrenia and affective disease. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1996;197-221.
44. Marzuk PM, Leon AC, Tardiff K, Morgan EB, Stajic M, Mann JJ. The effect of access to lethal methods of injury on suicide rates. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:451-458.
45. Meana JJ, García-Sevilla JA. Increased a2-adrenoceptor density in the frontal cortex of depressed suicide victims. J Neural Transm 1987;70:377-381.
46. Mednick SA, Gabrielli WF, Hutchings B. Genetic influences in criminal convictions: evidence from an adoption cohort. Science 1984;224:891-894.
47. Menachem BE, Persson L, Schechter PJ, Haegele KD, Huebert N, Hardenberg J. Cerebrospinal fluid parameters in healthy volunteers during serial lumbar punctures. J Neurochem 1989;52:632-635.
48. Monahan J. Mental disorder and violent behavior: Perceptions and evidence. Am Psychol 1992;47:511-521.
49. Nielsen DA, Goldman D, Virkkunen M, Tokola R, Rawlings R, Linnoila M. Suicidality and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration associated with a tryptophan hydroxylase polymorphism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:34-38.
50. Ninan PT, van Kammen DP, Scheinin M, Linnoila M, Bunney WEJ, Goodwin FK. CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels in suicidal schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 1984;141:566-569.
51. Nylan WL, Johnson HG, Kaufman IA, Jones KL. Serotonergic approaches to the modification of behavior in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. App Res Ment Retard 1980;1:25-40.
52. Olivier B, Mos J, Tulp M, Schipper J, den Daas S, van Oortmerssen G. Serotonergic involvement in aggressive behavior in animals. In: van Praag HM, Plutchik R, Apter A, eds. Violence and suicidality. New York: Brunner/Mazel Publishers, 1990;79-137.
53. Owen F, Chambers DR, Cooper SJ, et al. Serotonergic mechanisms in brains of suicide victims. Brain Res 1986;362:185-188.
54. Oxenstierna G, Edman G, Iselius L, Oreland L, Ross SB, Sedvall G. Concentrations of monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of twins and unrelated individuals. A genetic study. J Psychiatr Res 1986;20:19-29.
55. Palaniappan V, Ramachandran V, Somasundaram O. Suicidal ideation and biogenic amines in depression. Indian J Psychiatry 1983;25:286-292.
56. Pallis DJ, Sainsbury P. The value of assessing intent in attempted suicide. Psychol Med 1976;6:487-492.
57. Pickar D, Roy A, Breier A, et al. Suicide and aggression in schizophrenia. Neurobiologic correlates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1986;487:189-196.
58. Pihl RO, Peterson JB, Lau MA. A biosocial model of the alcohol-aggression relationship. J Stud Alcohol 1993;11:128-139.
59. Raleigh MJ, Brammer GL, McGuire MT, Pollack DB, Yuwiler A. Individual differences in basal cisternal cerebrospinal fluid 5-HIAA and HVA in monkeys: The effects of gender, age, physical characteristics, and matrilineal influences. Neuropsychopharmacology 1992;7:295-304.
60. Raleigh MJ, McGuire MT, Brammer GL, Yuwiler A. Social and environmental influences on blood serotonin concentrations in monkeys. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:405-410.
61. Reis DJ. The relationship between brain norepinephrine and aggressive behavior. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 1972;50:266-297.
62. Roy A. Family history of suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1983;40:971-974.
63. Roy A, Ågren H, Pickar D, Linnoila M, Doran A, Cutler N, Paul SM. Reduced CSF concentrations of homovanillic acid and homovanillic acid to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ratios in depressed patients: Relationship to suicidal behavior and dexamethasone nonsuppression. Am J Psychiatry 1986;143:1539-1545.
64. Roy A, Ninan PT, Mazonson A, Pickar D, van Kammen DP, Linnoila M, Paul SM. CSF monoamine metabolites in chronic schizophrenic patients who attempt suicide. Psychol Med 1985;15:335-340.
65. Roy A, Pickar D, De Jong J, Karoum F, Linnoila M. Suicidal behavior in depression: Relationship to noradrenergic function. Biol Psychiatry 1989;25:341-350.
66. Schiavi RC, Theilgaard A, Owen DR, White D. Sex chromosome anomalies, hormones, and aggressivity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:93-99.
67. Secunda SK, Cross CK, Koslow S, et al. Biochemistry and suicidal behavior in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry 1986;21:756-767.
68. Siever L, Trestman RL. The serotonin system and aggressive personality disorder. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1993;8:33-39.
69. Soubrie P, Martin P, el-Mestikawy S, Thiebot MH, Simon P, Hamon M. The lesion of serotonergic neurons does not prevent antidepressant-induced reversal of escape failure produced by inescapable shocks in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1986;25:1-6.
70. Stockmeier CA, Meltzer HY. b-Adrenergic receptor binding in frontal cortex of suicide victims. Biol Psychiatry 1991;29:183-191.
71. Swanson J, Holzer C, Ganju V, Jono R. Violence and psychiatric disorder in the community: Evidence from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area surveys. Hosp Commun Psychiatry 1990;41:761-770.
72. Träskman-Bendz L, Åsberg M, Schalling D. Serotonergic function and suicidal behaviour in personality disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1986;487:168-174.
73. van Praag HM. Depression, suicide and the metabolism of serotonin in the brain. J Affect Disord 1982;4:275-290.
74. van Praag HM. CSF 5-HIAA and suicide in non-depressed schizophrenics. Lancet 1983;2:977-978.
75. Virkkunen M, De Jong J, Bartko J, Goodwin FK, Linnoila M. Relationship of psychobiological variables to recidivism in violent offenders and impulsive fire setters. A follow-up study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46:600-603.
76. Waldbillig RJ. The role of the dorsale and median raphe in the inhibition of muricide. Brain Res 1979;160:341-346.
77. Westenberg HG, Verhoeven WM. CSF monoamine metabolites in patients and controls: Support for a bimodal distribution in major affective disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1988;78:541-549.
78. Yates M, Leake A, Candy JM, Fairbairn AF, McKeith IG, Ferrier IN. 5-HT2 receptor changes in major depression. Biol Psychiatry 1990;27:489-496.
published 2000