1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1980.

2. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd edition (revised). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1987.

3. Andreasen NC, Carpenter WT. Diagnosis and classification of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19(2):199-214.

4. Bleuler E. Dementia praecox, or the group of schizophrenias (translated by J Zinkin, 1950). New York: International Universities Press, 1911.

5. Branchey MH, Lee JH, Ramesh A. High- and low-potency neuroleptics in elderly psychiatric patients. JAMA 1978;239:1860-1862.

6. Breitner J, Husain M, Figiel G, Krishnan K, Boyko O. Cerebral white matter disease in late-onset psychosis. Biol Psychiatry 1990;28:266-274.

7. Castle DJ, Murray RM. The neurodevelopmental basis of sex differences in schizophrenia. Psychol Med 1991;21:565-575.

8. Castle DJ, Sham PC, Wessely S, Murray RM. Sex and the subtyping of schizophrenia. Paper presented at International Conference "Schizophrenia: Poised for Change," Vancouver, Canada, July, 1992.

9. Ciompi L. Catamnestic long-term study on the course of life and aging of schizophrenics. Schizophr Bull 1980;6:606-618.

10. Coffey CE, Figiel GS, Djang WT, Weiner RD. Subcortical hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging: a comparison of normal and depressed elderly subjects. Am J Psychiatry 1990;47:187-189.

11. Cooper AF, Porter R. Visual acuity and ocular pathology in the paranoid and affective psychoses of later life. J Psychosom Res 1976;20:107-114.

12. Dupont RM, Lehr P, Lamoureaux G, Halpern S, Harris MJ, Jeste DV. Preliminary report: cerebral blood flow abnormalities in late-life schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 1994;[in press].

13. Fish F. Senile schizophrenia. J Ment Sci 1960;106:938-946.

14. Flint AJ, Rifat SI, Eastwood MR. Late-onset paranoia: distinct from paraphrenia? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1991;6:103-109.

15. Funding T. Genetics of paranoid psychosis of later life. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1961;37:267-282.

16. Grief C, Eastwood RM. Paranoid disorders in the elderly. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1993;8:681-684.

17. Harris MJ, Cullum CM, Jeste DV. Clinical presentation of late-onset schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 1988;49:356-360.

18. Harris MJ, Jeste DV. Late-onset schizophrenia: an overview. Schizophr Bull 1988;14:39-55.

19. Harrow M, Marengo J, Pogue-Geile M, Pawelski TJ. Schizophrenic deficits in intelligence and abstract thinking: influence of aging and long-term institutionalization. In: Miller D, Cohen G, eds. Schizophrenia, paranoia, schizophreniform disorders in later life. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986;133-144.

20. Heaton R, Paulsen J, McAdams LA, et al. Neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia: relationship to age, chronicity and dementia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;[in press].

21. Heaton RK, Crowley TJ. Effects of psychiatric disorders and their somatic treatments on neuropsychological results. In: Filskov SB, Ball TJ, eds. Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1981;481-525.

22. Heaton RK, Drexler M. Clinical neuropsychological findings in schizophrenia and aging. In: Miller NE, Cohen GD, eds. Schizophrenia and aging. New York: The Guilford Press, 1987;145-161.

23. Herbert ME, Jacobson S. Late paraphrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1967;113:461-469.

24. Hoffman WF, Ballard L, Turner EH, Casey DE. Three-year follow-up of older schizophrenics: extrapyramidal syndromes, psychiatric symptoms, and ventricular brain ratio. Biol Psychiatry 1991; 30:913-926.

25. Honigfeld G, Rosebaum MP, Blumenthal IJ, Lambert HL, Roberts AJ. Behavioral improvement in the older schizophrenic patient: drug and social therapies. J Am Geriatric Soc 1965;13:57-71.

26. Hymas N, Naguib M, Levy R. Late paraphrenia--a follow-up study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1989;4:23-29.

27. Jeste DV, Caligiuri MP. Tardive dyskinesia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:303-315.

28. Jeste DV, Harris MJ, Krull A, Kuck J, McAdams LA, Heaton R. Late onset schizophrenia: clinical and neuropsychological characteristics. [Submitted.]

29. Jeste DV, Harris MJ, Pearlson GD, et al. Late-onset schizophrenia: studying clinical validity. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1988;11:1-14.

30. Jeste DV, Lacro JP, Gilbert PL, Kline J, Kline N. Treatment of late-life schizophrenia with neuroleptics. Schizophr Bull 1993; 19(4):817-830.

31. Kane JM, Jeste DV, Barnes TRE, et al. Tardive dyskinesia: a task force report of the American Psychiatric Association. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1992.

32. Kaplan E, Goodglass H, Weintraub S. The Boston naming test. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1983.

33. Kay DWK, Roth M. Environmental and hereditary factors in the schizophrenias of old age ("late paraphrenia") and their bearing on the general problem of causation in schizophrenia. J Ment Sci 1961;107:649-686.

34. King DJ. The effect of neuroleptics on cognitive and psychomotor function. Br J Psychiatry 1990;157:799-811.

35. Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie, Ein Lehrbuch fur Studierende und Artzte, 6th ed. Leipzig: Barth, 1899.

36. Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie ein Lehrbuch fur Studierende und Aertzte, 8th ed. Leipzig: Barth, 1909.

37. Kraepelin E. Dementia praecox and paraphrenia (translated by RM Barclay). Chicago: Chicago Medical Book, 1919.

38. Lesser IM, Jeste DV, Boone KB, et al. Late-onset psychotic disorder, not otherwise specified: clinical and neuroimaging findings. Biol Psychiatry 1992;31:419-423.

39. Lesser IM, Miller BL, Boone KB, Hill-Gutierrez E, Mena II. Brain injury and cognitive function in late-onset psychotic depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1991;3:33-40.

40. Lesser IM, Miller BL, Swartz JR, Boone KB, Mehringer CM, Mena I. Brain imaging in late-life schizophrenia and related psychosis. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:773-782.

41. Leuchter AF, Spar JE. The late-onset psychoses. J Nerv Ment Dis 1985;173:488-494.

42. Levin S, Yurgelun-Todd D, Craft S. Contributions of clinical neuropsychology to the study of schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol 1989;98:341-356.

43. Lohr JB, Jeste DV, Harris MJ, Salzman C. Treatment of disordered behavior. In: Salzman C, ed. Clinical geriatric psychopharmacology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992;79-113.

44. Mayer W. On paraphrenic psychoses (in German). Z Gesamte Neurol Psychiatr 1921;71:187-206.

45. McGlashan TH. Predictors of shorter-, medium-, and longer-term outcome in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1986;143:50-55.

46. McGlashan TH. A selective review of recent North American long-term follow-up studies of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1988; 14:515-542.

47. Miller BL, Lesser IM. Late-life psychosis and modern neuroimaging. In: Jeste DV, Zisook S, eds. The psychiatric clinics of North America: psychosis and depression in the elderly, Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1988;33-46.

48. Miller BL, Lesser IM, Boone KB, Hill E, Mehringer CM, Wong K. Brain lesions and cognitive function in late-life psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 1991;158:76-82.

49. Naguib M, Levy R. Late paraphrenia: neuropsychological impairment and structural brain abnormalities on computed tomography. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1987;2:83-90.

50. Naguib M, McGuffin P. Genetic Markers in late paraphrenia: a study of HLA antigens. Br J Psychiatry 1987;150:124-127.

51. Paulsen JS, Heaton R, Jeste DV. Neuropsychological impairment in tardive dyskinesia. Neuropsychology 1993{ewc MVIMG, MVIMAGE,!infinity.bmp} press.

52. Pearlson G, Rabins P. The Late-onset psychoses: possible risk factors. In: Jeste DV, Zisook S, eds. The psychiatric clinics of North America: psychosis and depression in the elderly. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1988;15-32.

53. Pearlson GD, Tune LE, Wong DF, et al. Quantitative D2 dopamine receptor PET and structural MRI changes in late onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:783-795.

54. Pilowsky L, Kerwin R, Murray RM. Neurodevelopment and schizophrenia. In: Kringham E, et al., eds. Etiology of mental disorder. London: University of Soho Press, 1991;169-181.

55. Post F. Persistent persecutory states of the elderly. London: Pergamon Press, 1966.

56. Prager S, Jeste DV. Sensory impairment in late-life schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19(4):755-772.

57. Rabins P. Coexisting depression and dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry 1989;22:17-24.

58. Rokhlina ML. A comparative clinico-genetic study of attack-like schizophrenia with late and early manifestations with regard to age [in Russian]. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr 1975;75:417-424.

59. Roth M. The natural history of mental disorder in old age. J Ment Sci 1955;101:281-301.

60. Saltz BL, Woerner MG, Kane JM, et al. Prospective study of tardive dyskinesia incidence in the elderly. JAMA 1991;266:2402-2406.

61. Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. Classification of mental disorders. In: Kaplan HI, Sadock BH, eds. Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry, vol 1. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1985;591-613.

62. Spohn HE, Strauss ME. Relation of neuroleptic and anticholinergic medication to cognitive functions in schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol 1989;98:367-380.

63. Tran-Johnson TK, Krull AJ, Jeste DV. Late life schizophrenia and its treatment: the pharmacologic issues in older schizophrenic patients. In: Alexopoulos GS, ed. Clinics in geriatric medicine. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1992;401-410.

64. Tsuang MM, Lu LM, Stotsky BA, Cole JO. Haloperidol versus thioridazine for hospitalized psychogeriatric patients: double-blind study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1971;19:593-600.

65. Weinberger DR. Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:660-669.

66. World Health Organization. The International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia, vol 1. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 1993.

67. Yassa R, Dastoor D, Nastase C, Camille Y, Belzile L. The prevalence of late-onset schizophrenia in a psychogeriatric population. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1993;6:120-125.

Back to Chapter