1. Abul Hajj YJ, Iverson R, Kiang DT. Aromatization of androgens by human breast cancer. Steroids 1979;33:205-222.

2. Andrews WC, Larsen GD. Endometriosis: treatment with hormonal pseudopregnancy and-or operation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1974;118:643-651.

3. Armstrong RC, Montminy MR. Transsynaptic control of gene expression. Ann Rev Neurosci 1993;16:17-29.

4. Auclair C, Kelly PA, Labrie F, Coy DH, Schally AV. Inhibition of testicular luteinizing receptor level by treatment with a potent luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist of human chorionic gonadotropin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977;76:855-862.

5. Axelson JF. Forced swimming alters vaginal estrous cycles, body composition, and steroid levels without disrupting lordosis behavior or fertility in rats. Physiol Behav 1987;41:471-479.

6. Axelson JF, Sawin C. Effects of voluntary and forced exercise on lordosis behavior in female rats. Hormon Behav 1987;21:384-392.

7. Badr M, Pelletier G. Autoradiographic study of binding and internalization of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist [D-Nal1, D-Cpa, A-D-Trp3, D-Arg6, D-Ala10]LHRH by rat pituitary gonadotrophs. J Neuroendocrinol 1989;1:141-146.

8. Baird DT, Bramley TA, Hawkins TA, Lumsden MA, West CP. Effect of treatment with LHRH analogue Zoladex on binding of oestradiol, progesterone and epidermal growth factor to uterine fibromyomata. Horm Res 1989;1:154-156.

9. Bandtlow CE, Meyer M, Lindholm D, Spranger M, Heumann R, Thoenen H. Regional and cellular codistribution of interleukin-1b and nerve growth factor mRNA in the adult rat brain. J Cell Biol 1990;111:1701-1711.

10. Banik UK, Givner ML. Ovulation induction and antifertility effects of an LH-RH analogue (AY 25,205) in cyclic rats. J Reprod Fertil 1975;44:87-94.

11. Barbieri RL, Ryan KJ. Danazol: endocrine pharmacology and therapeutic applications. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981;141:453-463.

12. Barron JL, Noakes TD, Levy W, Smith C, Millar RP. Hypothalamic dysfunction in overtrained athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985;60:803-806.

13. Baumann KH, Kiesel L, Kaufmann M, Bastert G, Runnebaum B. Characterization of binding sites for a GnRH-agonist (buserelin) in human breast cancer biopsies and their distribution in relation to tumor parameters. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1993;25:37-46.

14. Beatson GT. On the treatment of inoperable cases of carcinoma of the mammae: suggestions for a new method of treatment with illustrative cases. Lancet 1896;2:104-116.

15. Beland G, Elhilali M, Fradet Y, et al. A controlled trial of castration with and without nilutamide in metastatic prostatic carcinoma. Cancer 1990;66:1074-1079.

16. Bélanger A, Brochu M, Cliche J. Levels of plasma steroid glucuronides in intact and castrated men with prostatic cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986;62:812-815.

17. Belchetz PE, Plant TM, Nakai Y, Keogh EJ, Knobil E. Hypophyseal responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypopthalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Science 1978;202:631-3.

18. Benagiano G. Uterine fibroids: literature review and summary of posters. Horm Res 1989;1:120-124.

19. Bergquist C, Nillius SJ, Wide L. Reduced gonadotropin secretion in postmenopausal women during treatment with a stimulatory LRH analogue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1979;49:472-474.

20. Bourguignon JP, Franchimont P. Puberty-related increase in episodic LHRH release from rat hypothalamus in vitro. Endocrinology 1984;114:1943-1945.

21. Braden TD, Conn PM. The 1990 James A. F. Stevenson Memorial Lecture. Gonadotropin- releasing hormone and its actions. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1991;69:445-458.

22. Bruder JM, Spaulding AJ, Wierman ME. Phorbol ester inhibition of rat gonadotropin-releasing hormone promoter activity: Role of Fos and Jun in the repression of transcription. Mol Endocrinol 1996;10:35-44.

23. Bruhn TO, Sutton RE, Rivier C, Vale W. Corticotropin-releasing factor regulates proopiomelanocortin messenger ribonucleic acid levels in vivo. Neuroendocrinology 1984;39:170-177.

24. Buttram VC, Jr., Reiter RC, Ward S. Treatment of endometriosis with danazol: report of a 6-year prospective study. Fertil Steril 1985;43:353-360.

25. Byar DP. Proceedings: The Veterans Administration Cooperative Urological Research Group's studies of cancer of the prostate. Cancer 1973;32:1126-1130.

26. Carlberg KA, Fregley MF. Disruption of estrous cycles in exercise-trained rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1985;179:21-24.

27. Cassano A, Astone A, Garufi C, Noviello MR, Pietrantonio F, Barone C. A response in advanced post-menopausal breast cancer during treatment with the luteinising hormone releasing hormone agonist—Zoladex. Cancer Lett 1989;48:123-124.

28. Cassileth BR, Soloway MS, Vogelzang NJ, et al. Patients' choice of treatment in stage D prostate cancer. Urology 1989;33:57-62.

29. Catt KJ, Stojilkowvic SS. Calcium signalling and gonadotropin secretion. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1989;1:15-20.

30. Cedars MI, Lu JK, Meldrum DR, Judd HL. Treatment of endometriosis with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist plus medroxyprogesterone acetate. Obstet Gynecol 1990;75:641-645.

31. Chaiappa SA, Fink G. Releasing factor and hormonal changes in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadotropin and adrenocorticotrophin systems before and after birth and puberty in male, female and androgenized female rats. J Endocrinol 1977;72:211-214.

32. Chan R, Brown E, Ericsson A, Kovacs K, Sawchenko P. A comparison of two immediate early genes, c-fos and NGFI-B, as markers for functional activation in stress-related neuroendocrine pathways. J Neurosci 1993;13:5126-5138.

33. Chen WP, Witkin JW, Silverman AJ. Beta-endorphin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone synaptic input to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurosecretory cells in the male rat. J Comp Neurol 1989;286:85-95.

34. Chen W-P, Witkin JW, Silverman A-J. Sexual dimorphism in the synaptic input to gonadotropin releasing hormone neurons. Endocrinology 1990;126:695-702.

35. Ching M. Morphine suppresses the proestrus surge of GnRH in pituitary portal plasma of rats. Endocrinology 1983;112:2209-2211.

36. Clarke IJ. What can we learn from sampling hypophyseal portal blood? Ciba Found Symp 1992;168:87-95.

37. Clarke IJ. Variable patterns of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion during the estrogen-induced luteinizing hormone surge in ovariectomized ewes. Endocrinology 1993;133:1624-1632.

38. Claypool LE, Watanabe G, Terasawa E. Effects of electrical stimulation of the medial basal hypothalamus of the in vivo release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the prepubertal and peripubertal female monkey. Endocrinology 1990;127:3014-3022.

39. Clayton RN. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone: its actions and receptors. J Endocrinol 1989;120:11-19.

40. Coddington CC, Collins RL, Shawker TH, Anderson R, Loriaux DL, Winkel CA. Long-acting gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone analog used to treat uteri. Fertil Steril 1986;45:624-629.

41. Collins S, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. From ligand binding to gene expression: new insights into the regulation of G-protein-coupled receptors. Trends Biochem Sci 1992;17:37-39.

42. Collins WP, Loullapis EM, Bridges CE, Sommerville IF. Studies on steroid metabolism in human endometrial tissue. J Steroid Biochem 1970;1:195-202.

43. Conn PM, Hazum E. Luteinizing hormone release and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor internalization: independent actions of GnRH. Endocrinology 1981;109:2040-2045.

44. Conn PM, Rogers DC, Seay SG. Biphasic regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor by receptor microaggregation and intracellular Ca2+ levels. Mol Pharmacol 1984;25:51-55.

45. Corbin A, Beattie CW, Tracy J, et al. The anti-reproductive pharmacology of LH-RH and agonistic analogues. Int J Fertil 1978;23:81-92.

46. Coy DH, Vilchez Martinez JA, Coy EJ, Schally AV. Analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone with increased biological activity produced by D-amino acid substitutions in position 6. J Med Chem 1976;19:423-425.

47. Crawford ED, Eisenberger MA, McLeod DG, et al. A controlled trial of leuprolide with and without flutamide in prostatic carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1989;321:419-424. [Published erratum appears in N Engl J Med 1989 Nov 16;321:1420]

48. Crowe JP, Hubay CA, Pearson OH, et al. Estrogen receptor status as a prognostic indicator for stage I breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1982;2:171-176.

49. Crowley WF, Filicori M, Spratt DI, Santoro NF. The physiology of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in men and women. Rec Prog Horm Res 1985;41:473-489.

50. Culliman WE, Herman JP, Battaglia DF, Akil H, Watson SJ. Pattern and time course of immediate early gene expression in rat brain following acute stress. Neuroscience 1995;64:477-505.

51. Cunningham ET, Wada E, Carter DB, Tracey DE, Battey JF, DeSouza EB. In situ histochemical localisation of type I interleukin-1 receptor messenger RNA in the central nervous system, pituitary and adrenal gland of the mouse. J Neurosci 1992;12:1101-1111.

52. Cusan L, Auclair C, Bélanger A, et al. Inhibitory effects of long-term treatment with an LHRH agonist on the pituitary-gonadal axis in male and female rats. Endocrinology 1979;104:1369-1376.

53. Daniell JF, Christianson C. Combined laparoscopic surgery and danazol therapy for pelvic endometriosis. Fertil Steril 1981;35:521-525.

54. Dao TL, Hayes C, Libby PR. Steroid sulfatase activities in human breast tumors. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1974;146:381-384.

55. de Koning J, van Dieten JA, van Rees GP. Refractoriness of the pituitary gland after continuous exposure to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. J Endocrinol 1978;79:311-318.

56. Denis L. Role of maximal androgen blockade in advanced prostate cancer. Prostate Suppl 1994;5:17-22.

57. Denis LJ, Carnelro de Moura JL, Bono A, et al. Goserelin acetate and flutamide versus bilateral orchiectomy: a phase III EORTC trial (30853). EORTC GU Group and EORTC Data Center. Urology 1993;42:119-129; discussion 129-30.

58. Dickson RB, Lippman ME. Estrogenic regulation of growth and polypeptide growth factor secretion in human breast carcinoma. Endocrinol Rev 1987;8:29-43.

59. Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1, the pathogenesis of the acute-phase response. N Eng J Med 1984;311:1413-1422.

60. Dixon AR, Robertson JF, Jackson L, Nicholson RI, Walker KJ, Blamey RW. Goserelin (Zoladex) in premenopausal advanced breast cancer: duration of response and survival. Br J Cancer 1990;62:868-870.

61. Dlugi AM, Miller JD, Knittle J. Lupron depot (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension) in the treatment of endometriosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Lupron Study Group. Fertil Steril 1990;54:419-427.

62. Dmonski WP, Radwanska E, Binor Z, Tumon I, Pepping P. GnRH analogues in the management of endometriosis. The results of two randomized trials. In: Vickery BH, Lunenfeld B, eds. GnRH analogues in cancer and human reproduction. Boston: Kluwer Academic Press, 1990; 7-16.

63. Dmowski WP, Radwanska E, Binor Z, Tummon I, Pepping P. Ovarian suppression induced with Buserelin or danazol in the management of endometriosis: a randomized, comparative study. Fertil Steril 1989;51:395-400.

64. Dodin S, Lemay A, Maheux R, Dumont M, Turcot Lemay L. Bone mass in endometriosis patients treated with GnRH agonist implant or danazol. Obstet Gynecol 1991;77:410-415.

65. Donnez J, Nisolle M, Grandjean P, Gillerot S, Clerckx F. The place of GnRH agonists in the treatment of endometriosis and fibroids by advanced endoscopic techniques. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1992;7:31-33.

66. Donnez J, Schrurs B, Gillerot S, Sandow J, Clerckx F. Treatment of uterine fibroids with implants of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist: assessment by hysterography. Fertil Steril 1989;51:947-950.

67. Dowsett M, Mehta A, Mansi J, Smith IE. A dose-comparative endocrine-clinical study of leuprorelin in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Br J Cancer 1990;62:834-837.

68. Drago JR, Santen RJ, Lipton A, et al. Clinical effect of aminoglutethimide, medical adrenalectomy, in treatment of 43 patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma. Cancer 1984;53:1447-1450.

69. Drouva SV, Epelbaum J, Tapia-Arancibia L, Laplante E, Kordon C. Opiate receptors modulate LHRH and SRIF release from mediobasal hypothalamic neurons. Neuroendocrinology 1981;32:163-167.

70. Ebisui O, Fukata J, Tominaga T, et al. Roles of interleukin-1a and b in endotoxin-induced suppression of plasma gonadotropin levels in rats. Endocrinology 1992;130:3307-3313.

71. Eidne KA, Flanagan CA, Millar RP. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone binding sites in human breast carcinoma. Science 1985;229:989-991.

72. Emons G, Ortmann O, Becker M, et al. High affinity binding and direct antiproliferative effects of LHRH analogues in human ovarian cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 1993;53:5439-5446.

73. Eraly SA, Mellon PL. Regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone transcription by protein kinase C is mediated by evolutionarily conserved promoter-proximal elements. Mol Endocrinol 1995;9:848-859.

74. Ericsson A, Kovacs KJ, Sawchenko PE. A functional anatomical analysis of central pathways subserving the effects of interleukin-1 on stress-related neuroendocrine neurons. J Neurosci 1994;14:897-913.

75. Ericsson A, Liu C, Hart RP, Sawchenko PE. Type-1 interleukin-1 receptor in the rat brain: Distribution, regulation, and relationship to sites of IL-1-induced cellular activation. J Comp Neurol 1995;361:681-698.

76. Evans NP, Dahl GE, Glover BH, Karsch FJ. Central regulation of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion by estradiol during the period leading up to the preovulatory GnRH surge in the ewe. Endocrinology 1994;134:1806-1811.

77. Evans NP, Dahl GE, Mauger DT, Karsch FJ. Estradiol induces both qualitative and quantitative changes in the pattern of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion during the presurge period in the ewe. Endocrinology 1995;136:1603-1609.

78. Evans NP, Dahl GE, Mauger DT, Padmanabhan V, Thrun LA, Karsch FJ. Does estradiol induce the preovulatory gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) surge in the ewe by inducing a progessive change in the mode of operation of the GnRH neurosecretory system. Endocrinology 1995;136:5511-5519.

79. Fair WR, Aprikian AG, Cohen D, Sogani P, Reuter V. Use of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy in clinically localized prostate cancer. Clin Invest Med 1993;16:516-522.

80. Feng YJ, Shalts E, Xia L, et al. An inhibitory effect of interleukin-1a on basal gonadotropin release in the ovariectomized Rhesus monkey: Reversal by a corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist. Endocrinology 1991;128:2077-2082.

81. Filicori M. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists. A guide to use and selection. Drugs 1994;48:41-58. [published erratum appears in Drugs 1994;48:326]

82. Filicori M, Flamigni C, Cognigni G, et al. Comparison of the suppressive capacity of different depot gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993;77:130-133.

83. Filicori M, Hall DA, Loughlin JS, Rivier J, Vale W, Crowley WF, Jr. A conservative approach to the management of uterine leiomyoma: pituitary desensitization by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983;147:726-727.

84. Filicori M, Santoro N, Merriam GR, Crowley WF, Jr. Characterization of the physiological pattern of episodic gonadotropin secretion throughout the human menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986;62:1136-1144.

85. Franssen AM, Rolland R, Chadha DR, Willemsen WN, Vemer HM. Treatment with a luteinising hormone-releasing hormone analogue (Buserelin) in danazol-resistant endometriosis patients. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1986;23:379-386.

86. Friedman AJ. Treatment of leiomyomata uteri with short-term leuprolide followed by leuprolide plus estrogen-progestin hormone replacement therapy for 2 years: a pilot study. Fertil Steril 1989;51:526-528.

87. Friedman AJ, Harrison Atlas D, Barbieri RL, Benacerraf B, Gleason R, Schiff I. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study evaluating the efficacy of leuprolide acetate depot in the treatment of uterine leiomyomata. Fertil Steril 1989;51:251-256.

88. Fujino M, Shinagawa S, Yamazaki I, et al. (Des-Gly-NH 10 2 , pro-ethylamide 9)-LH-RH: a highly potent analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. Arch Biochem Biophys 1973;154:488-489.

89. Geller J, Albert JD, Nachtsheim DA, Loza D. Comparison of prostatic cancer tissue dihydrotestosterone levels at the time of relapse following orchiectomy or estrogen therapy. J Urology 1984;132:693-696.

90. Glashan RW, Robinson MR. Cardiovascular complications in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. Br J Urology 1981;53:624-627.

91. Golan A, Bukovsky I, Schneider D, Ron el R, Herman A, Caspi E. D-Trp-6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone microcapsules in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. Fertil Steril 1989;52:406-411.

92. Gomez JL, Laverdière J, Cusan L, et al. Impact of neoadjuvant and adjuvant antiandrogen therapy associated with curative radiation therapy in early stage prostate cancer: preliminary report of a randomized study. J Urology 1996;155 (Suppl):400A (Abst. 357).

93. Gore AC, Roberts JL. Regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression in the rat during the luteinizing hormone surge. Endocrinology 1995;136:889-896.

94. Gore AC, Terasawa E. A role for norepinephrine in the control of puberty in the female rhesus monkey, macaca mulatta. Endocrinology 1991;129:3009-3017.

95. Gore AC, Wu TJ, Rosenberg JJ, Robert JL. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and NMDA receptor gene expression and colocalization change during puberty in female rats. J Neurosci 1996;16:5281-5289.

96. Gottardis MM, Robinson SP, Satyaswaroop PG, Jordan VC. Contrasting actions of tamoxifen on endometrial and breast tumor growth in the athymic mouse. Cancer Res 1988;48:812-815.

97. Gudmundsson JA, Ljunghall S, Bergquist C, Wide L, Nillius SJ. Increased bone turnover during gonadotropin-releasing hormone superagonist-induced ovulation inhibition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987;65:159-163.

98. Guezennec CY, Ferre P, Serrurier B, Merino D, Pesquies PC. Effects of prolonged physical exercise and fasting upon plasma testosterone level in rats. Eur J App Physiol 1982;49:159-168.

99. Guzick DS, Rock JA. A comparison of danazol and conservative surgery for the treatment of infertility due to mild or moderate endometriosis. Fertil Steril 1983;40:580-584.

100. Harris AL, Carmichael J, Cantwell BM, Dowsett M. Zoladex: therapeutic effects in postmenopausal breast cancer. Hormon Res 1989;1:213-216.

101. Harris JR, Morrow M, Bonadonna G. Cancer of the breast. In: DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer: Principles and practice of oncology. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1993;1264-1332.

102. Hazum E, Cuatrecasas P, Marian J, Conn PM. Receptor-mediated internalization of fluorescent gonadotropin-releasing hormone by pituitary gonadotropes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;77:6692-6695.

103. Healy DL, Lawson SR, Abbott M, Baird DT, Fraser HM. Toward removing uterine fibroids without surgery: subcutaneous infusion of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist commencing in the luteal phase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986;63:619-625.

104. Henderson BE, Ross R, Bernstein L. Estrogens as a cause of human cancer: the Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation award lecture. Cancer Res 1988;48:246-253.

105. Hsueh AJ, Erickson GF. Extra-pituitary inhibition of testicular function by luteinising hormone releasing hormone. Nature 1979;281:66-67.

106. Huggins C, Hodges CV. Studies of prostatic cancer. I. Effect of castration, estrogen and androgen injections on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer Res 1941;1:293-307.

107. Jacobi GH, Wenderoth UK. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for prostate cancer: untoward side effects of high-dose regimens acquire a therapeutical dimension. Eur Urol 1982;8:129-134.

108. Jakubowski M, J.L.Roberts. Multiplex solution hybridization-ribonuclease protection assay for quantification of different ribonucleic transcripts from snap-frozen neuroendocrine tissues of individual animals. J Neuroendocrinol 1992;4:79-89.

109. Jennes L. Sites and origin of gonadotropin-releasing hormone containing projections to the amygdala and interpeduncular nucleus. Brain Res 1987;404:339-344.

110. Jennes L, Stumpf WE. LHRH neuronal projections to the inner and outer surfaces of the brain. Neurosci Lett 1980;2:241-246.

111. Jirikowski G, Merchenthaler F, Rieger GE, Stumpf WE. Estradiol target sites are immunoreactive for b-endorphin in the arcuate nucleus and mouse hypothalamus. Neurosci Lett 1986;65:121-126.

112. Jonat W, Kaufmann M, Blamey RW, et al. A randomised study to compare the effect of the luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue goserelin with or without tamoxifen in pre- and perimenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1995;2:137-142.

113. Jones HW, Jones GS. Endometriosis. Novak's textbook of gynecology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1981;609-695.

114. Jordan VC, Murphy CS. Endocrine pharmacology of antiestrogens as antitumor agents. Endocrinol Rev 1990;11:578-610.

115. Kakabeppu Y, Ryder K, Nathans D. DNA binding activities of three murine Jun proteins: stimulation by Fos,. Cell 1988;55:907-915.

116. Kalra SP. Mandatory neuropeptide-steroid signaling for the preovulatory luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone discharge. Endocrinol Rev 1993;14:507-538.

117. Kalra SP, Kalra PS. Do testosterone and estradiol-17b enforce inhibition or stimulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone secretion? Biol Reprod 1989;41:559-570.

118. Karten MJ, Rivier JE. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog design. Structure-function studies toward the development of agonists and antagonists: rationale and perspective. Endocrinol Rev 1986;7:44-66.

119. Kelly S, Labrie F, Dupont A. Loss of LH bioactivity in men treated with an LHRH agonist and an antiandrogen. Proc. 65th Ann. Meet. Endocrine Soc. 1983;81 (Abst).

120. Kerr LD, Inoue JI, Verma IM. Signal transduction: the nuclear target. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1992;4:496-501.

121. Kesner J, Kaufman JM, Wilson RC, Kuroda G, Knobil E. The effect of morphine on the electrophysiological activity of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pulse generator in the rhesus monkey. Endocrinology 1986;43:686-688.

122. King JC, Anthony ELP, Fitzgerald DM, Stopa EG. LHRH neurons in human preoptic/hypothalamus: Differential intraneuronal localization of immunoreactive forms. J Clin Endocrinol 1985;60:88-97.

123. King JC, Tobet SA, Snavely FL, Arimura A. LHRH-immunopositive cells and their projections to the median eminence and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis. J Comp Neurol 1982;209:287-300.

124. Kistner RW. The treatment of endometriosis by inducing pseudopregnancy with ovarian hormones: a report of 58 cases. Fertil Steril 1959;10:539-540.

125. Kistner RW. Endometriosis and infertility. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1979;22:101-119.

126. Kledzik GS, Cusan L, Auclair C, Kelly PA, Labrie F. Inhibition of ovarian luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor levels with an LH-releasing hormone agonist during the estrous cycle in the rat. Fertil Steril 1978;30:348-353.

127. Klijn JG, de Jong FH. Treatment with a luteinising-hormone-releasing-hormone analogue (buserelin) in premenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer. Lancet 1982;1:1213-1216.

128. Knobil E. The GnRH pulse generator. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;163:1721-1727.

129. Knobil E. Editorial: Inhibition of luteininizing hormone secretion by fasting and exercise: "Stress" or specific metabolic signals? Endocrinology 1993;132:1879-1880.

130. Labrie C, Bélanger A, Labrie F. Androgenic activity of dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione in the rat ventral prostate. Endocrinology 1988;123:1412-1417.

131. Labrie F. Intracrinology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1991;78:C113-C118.

132. Labrie F, Bélanger A, Cusan L, et al. Antifertility effects of LHRH agonists in the male. J Androl 1980;1:209-228.

133. Labrie F, Bélanger A, Séguin C, et al. Inhibition of testicular and ovarian functions by LHRH agonists. In: Jagiello G, Vogel HJ, eds. Bioregulators of reproduction. New York: Academic Press, 1981;305-341.

134. Labrie F, Dupont A, Bélanger A, et al. New hormonal therapy in prostatic carcinoma: combined treatment with an LHRH agonist and an antiandrogen. J Clin Invest Med 1982;5:267-275.

135. Labrie F, Dupont A, Bélanger A, et al. Treatment of prostate cancer with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists. Endocrinol Rev 1986;7:67-74.

136. Labrie F, Dupont A, Cusan L, Gomez JL, Diamond P. Major advantages of "early" administration of endocrine combination therapy in advanced prostate cancer. Clin Invest Med 1993;16:493-498.

137. Lacroix S, Vallières L, Rivest S. C-fos mRNA pattern and CRF neuronal activity throughout the brain of rats injected centrally with a prostaglandin of E2 type. J Neuroimmunol 1996;70:163-179.

138. Layé S, Parnet P, Goujon E, Dantzer R. Peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide induces the expression of cytokine transcripts in the brain and pituitary of mice. Mol Brain Res 1994;27:157-162.

139. Lechan RM, Toni R, Clark BD, et al. Immunoreactive interleukin-1b localisation in the rat forebrain. Brain Res 1990;514:135-140.

140. Lee WS, Smith MS, Hoffman GE. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone express Fos protein during the proestrus surge of luteinizing hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990;87:5163-5167.

141. Lemay A. Clinical appreciation of LHRH analogue formulations. Horm Res 1989;32:93-102.

142. Lemay A, Dodin Dewailly S. Long-term use of the low dose LHRH analogue combined with monthly medroxy-progesterone administration. Horm Res 1989;1:141-145.

143. Lemay A, Surrey ES, Friedman AJ. Extending the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists: the emerging role of steroidal and nonsteroidal agents. Fertil Steril 1994;61:21-34.

144. Leranth C, MacLusky NJ, Shanabrough M, Naftolin F. Immunohistochemical evidence for synaptic connections between pro-opiomenalocortin-immunoreactive axons and LH-RH neurons in the preoptic area of the rat. Brain Res 1988;449:167-176.

145. Levine JE, Bauer-Dantoin AC, Besecke LM, et al. Neuroendocrine regulation of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pulse generator in the rat. Rec Prog Horm Res 1991;47:97-153.

146. Lindner CH, Braendle W, Bettendorf G. Endocrine profiles during GnRH agonist therapy using different application forms. Proc. 13th World Congress of Gynecol Obstet 1991;1491 (Abst).

147. Lindsay PC, Waller KG, Shaw RW, Kocovic P, Coelingh HTT. The effect of ORG-OD14 on GnRH induced bone loss. Gynecol Endocrinol 1993;7 (Suppl.):80 (abst.).

148. Lindsay RD, Hart DM, Aitken JM, MacDonald EB, Anderson J, Clarke AC. Long-term prevention of post-menauposal osteoporosis by oestrogen: evidence for an increased bone mass after delayed onset of oestrogen treatment. Lancet 1976;1:1038-1041.

149. Linnell SL, Stager JM, Blue PW, Oyster N, Robertshaw_ D. Bone mineral content and menstrual regularity in female runners. Med Sci Sports Exer 1984;16:343-348.

150. Lippman ME, Dickson RB, Bates S, et al. 8th San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium—Plenary lecture. Autocrine and paracrine growth regulation of human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1986;7:59-70.

151. Lovenberg TW, Liam CW, Grigoriadis DE, et al. Cloning and characterization of a functional distinct corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtype from the rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:836-840.

152. MacConnie SE, Barkan A, Lampman RM, Shork A, Beitins IZ. Decreased hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion in male marathon runners. N Engl J Med 1986;315:411-417.

153. Maeda KI, Cagampang FRA, Coen CW, Tsukamura H. Involvement of the catecholaminergic input to the paraventricular nucleus and of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the fasting-induced suppression of luteinizing hormone release in female rats. Endocrinology 1994;134:1718-1722.

154. Maheux R, Guilloteau C, Lemay A, Bastide A, Fazekas AT. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist and uterine leiomyoma: a pilot study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985;152:1034-1038.

155. Maheux R, Lemay A, Blanchet P, Friede J, Pratt X. Maintained reduction of uterine leiomyoma following addition of hormonal replacement therapy to a monthly luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist implant: a pilot study. Hum Reprod 1991;6:500-505.

156. Malik KF, Silverman AJ, Morrell JI. Gonadotropin releasing hormone mRNA in the rat: Distribution and neuronal content over the estrus cycle and after castration in males. Anat Rec 1991;231:457-466.

157. Marian J, Cooper RL, Conn PM. Regulation of the rat pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor. Mol Pharmacol 1981;19:399-405.

158. Matsuo H, Baba Y, Nair RM, Arimura A, Schally AV. Structure of the porcine LH- and FSH-releasing hormone. I. The proposed amino acid sequence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971;43:1334-1339.

159. Matthews KA, Meilahn E, Kuller LH, Kelsey SF, Caggiula AW, Wing RR. Menopause and risk factors for coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1989;321:641-646.

160. McGuire WL. Estrogen receptors in human breast cancer. J Clin Invest 1973;52:73-77.

161. McGuire WL, Carbone PP, Seard ME, Esche GC. Estrogen receptors in human breast cancer: an overview. In: McGuire WL, Carbone PP, Vollmer EP, eds. Estrogen receptors in human breast cancer. New York: Raven Press, 1975;1-7.

162. McLeod D. What is the role of neoadjuvant therapy preoperatively. Can J Urol 1996;3 (Suppl.):69-73.

163. Meldrum DR, Chang RJ, Lu J, Vale W, Rivier J, Judd HL. "Medical oophorectomy" using a long-acting GNRH agonist—a possible new approach to the treatment of endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982;54:1081-1083.

164. Merchenthaler I, Lopez FJ, Negro-Vilar A. Colocalization of galanin and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in a subset of preoptic hypothalamic neurons: Anatomical and functional correlates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990;87:6326-6330.

165. Merchenthaler L, Gorcs T, Setalo G, Petrusz P, Flerko B. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and pathways in the rat brain. Cell Tissues Res 1984;237:15-29.

166. Merchenthaler S, Setalo G, Csontos C, Petrusz P, Flerko B, Negro-Vilar A. Combined retrograde tracing and immunocytochemical identification of luteinizing hormone- and somatostatin-containing neurons projecting to the median eminence of the rat. Endocrinology 1989;125:2812-2821.

167. Miller WR. Fundamental research leading to improved endocrine therapy for breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem 1987;27:477-485.

168. Miller WR, Scott WN, Morris R, Fraser HM, Sharpe RM. Growth of human breast cancer cells inhibited by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist. Nature 1985;313:231-233.

169. Minami M, Kuraishi Y, Yamaguchi T, Nakai S, Hirai Y, Satoh M. Immobilization stress induces interleukin-1b mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. Neurosci Lett 1991;123:254-256.

170. Mitsushima D, Hei DL, Terasawa E. gamma-Aminobutyric acid is an inhibitory neurotransmitter restricting the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone before the onset of puberty. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:395-399.

171. Moenter SM, Brand RM, Midgley AR, Karsch FJ. Dynamics of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release during a pulse. Endocrinology 1992;130:503-510.

172. Moghissi KS, Boyce CR. Management of endometriosis with oral medroxyprogesterone acetate. Obstet Gynecol 1976;47:265-267.

173. Monahan MW, Amoss MS, Anderson HA, Vale W. Synthetic analogs of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor with increased agonist or antagonist properties. Biochemistry 1973;12:4616-4620.

174. Monfette G, Dupont A, Labrie F. Temporary combination therapy with flutamide and Tryptex as adjuvant to radical prostatectomy for the treatment of early stage prostate cancer. In: Labrie F, Lee F, Dupont A, eds. Early stage prostate cancer: diagnosis and choice of therapy. New York: Excerpta Medica, 1989;41-51.

175. Moore EE, Harger JH, Rock JA, Archer DF. Management of pelvic endometriosis with low-dose danazol. Fertil Steril 1981;36:15-9.

176. Morgan JI, Curran T. Proto-oncogene transcription factors and epilepsy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1991;12:343-350.

177. Morgan JI, Curran T. Stimulus-transcription coupling in the nervous system: Involvement of the inductible proto-oncogenes fos and jun. Ann Rev Neurosci 1991;14:421-451.

178. Mortimer CH, McNeilly AS, Fisher RA, Murray MA, Besser GM. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone therapy in hypogonadal males with hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction. Br Med J 1974;4:617-621.

179. Murray R, Pitt P. Treatment of advanced prostatic cancer, resistant to conventional therapy, with aminoglutethimide. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1985;21:453-458.

180. Naor Z. Mechanism of action of GnRH upon gonadotropin release and synthesis. In: Lunenfeld B, Insler V, eds. GnRH analogues: the state of the art. New York: Parthenon Publishing Group, 1993;27-36.

181. Naor Z, Clayton RN, Catt KJ. Characterization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in cultured rat pituitary cells. Endocrinology 1980;107:1144-1152.

182. Nappi RE, Rivest S. Ovulatory cycle influences the stimulatory effect of stress on the expression of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the paraventricular nucleus of the female rat hypothalamus. Endocrinology 1995;136:4073-4083.

183. Nappi RE, Rivest S. Effect of immune and metabolic challenges on LHRH neuronal system in cycling female rats: An evaluation at the transcriptional level. Endocrinology 1997;=+in press (April):

184. Nencioni T, Penotti M, Barbieri Carones M, Ortolani S, Trevisan C, Polvani F. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist therapy and its effect on bone mass. Gynecol Endocrinol 1991;5:49-56.

185. Nestor JJ, Jr, Ho TL, Simpson RA, et al. Synthesis and biological activity of some very hydrophobic superagonist analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. J Med Chem 1982;25:795-801.

186. Nicholson RI. Recent advances in the anti-hormonal therapy of breast cancer. Curr Opin Invest Drugs 1993;2:1259-1268.

187. Nicholson RI, Walker KJ, McClelland RA, Dixon A, Robertson JF, Blamey RW. Zoladex plus tamoxifen versus Zoladex alone in pre- and peri-menopausal metastatic breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1990;37:989-995.

188. Nikolarakis KE, Almeida OFX, Herz A. Stimulation of hypothalamic b-endorphin and dynorphin release by corticotropin-releasing factor (in vitro). Brain Res 1986;399:152-155.

189. Nillius SJ, Bergquist C, Gudmundson JA, Wide L. Superagonist of LHRH for contraception in women. In: Labrie F, Bélanger A, Dupont A, eds. LHRH and its analogues. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984;261-274.

190. Ojeda SR, Negro-Vilar A, McCann SM. Release of prostaglandines by hypothalamic tissue: evidence for their involvement in catecholamine-induced luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release. Endocrinology 1979;104:617-624.

191. Ono N, Lumpkin MD, Samson WK, McDonald JK, McCann SM. Intrahypothalamic action of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) to inhibit growth hormone and LH release in the rat. Life Sci 1984;35:1117-1123.

192. Pahwa GS, Vollmer G, Knuppen R, Emons G. Photoaffinity labelling of gonadotropin releasing hormone binding sites in human epithelial ovarian carcinomata. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989;161:1086-1092.

193. Park OK, Gugneja S, Mayo KE. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression during the rat estrous cycle: effects of pentobartibal and ovarian steroids. Endocrinology 1990;127:365-372.

194. Parkes D, Rivest S, Lee S, Rivier C, Vale W. Corticotropin-releasing factor activates c-fos, NGFI-B and CRF gene expression within the paraventricular nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. Mol Endocrinol 1993;7:1357-1367.

195. Pasqualini JR, Chetrite G. Activity, regulation, and expression of sulfatase, sulfotransferase, and 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in breast cancer. In: Pasqualini JR, Katzenellenbogen B, eds. Hormone-dependent cancer. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1996;25-80.

196. Pasqualini JR, Chetrite G, Blacker C, Feinstein MC, Delalonde L, Talbi M, Maloche C. Concentrations of estrone, estradiol, and estrone sulfate and evaluation of sulfatase and aromatase activities in pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:1460-1464.

197. Pasqualini JR, Nguyen BL. Estrone sulfatase activity and effect of antiestrogens on transformation of estrone sulfate in hormone-dependent vs. independent human breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1991;18:93-98.

198. Pelletier G, Cusan L, Auclair C, Kelly PA, Désy L, Labrie F. Inhibition of spermatogenesis in the rat by treatment with [D-Ala6, des-Gly-NH210]LHRH ethylamide. Endocrinology 1978;103:641-643.

199. Perrin M, Donaldson C, Chen R, et al. Identification of a second corticotropin-releasing factor receptor gene and caracterization of a cDNA expressed in heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:2969-2973.

200. Petraglia F, Sutton S, Vale W, Plotsky P. Corticotropin-releasing factor decreases plasma LH levels in female rats by inhibiting gonadotropin-releasing hormone release into hypophyseal-portal circulation. Endocrinology 1987;120:1083-1088.

201. Petraglia F, Vale W, Rivier C. Opioids act centrally to modulate stress-induced decrease in luteinizing hormone in the rat. Endocrinology 1986;119:2445-2450.

202. Petri W, Seidel R, Sandow J. A pharmaceutical approach to long-term therapy with peptides. In: Labrie F, Bélanger A, Dupont A, eds. LHRH and its analogues. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984;63-76.

203. Pfahl M. Nuclear receptor/AP-1 interaction. Endocrinol Rev 1993;14:651-658.

204. Plant TM. Puberty in primates. In: Knobil E, Neill JD, eds. The physiology of reproduction. New York: Raven Press, 1994;453-485.

205. Pohl CR, Hotchkiss J. Neural control of reproductive function in primates. Int Rev Physiol 1983;27:147-175.

206. Pohl CR, Knobil E. The role of the central nervous system in the control of ovarian function in higher primates. Ann Rev Physiol 1982;44:583-593.

207. Porkka-Heiskanen T, Urban JH, Turek FW, Levine JE. Gene expression in a subpopulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons prior to the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. J Neurosci 1994;14:5548-5558.

208. Potter E, Sutton S, Donaldson C, et al. The distribution of CRF receptor mRNA expression in the rat brain and pituitary. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:8777-8781.

209. Powers JB, Jetton AE, Wade GN. Interactive effects of food deprivation and exercise on reproductive function in female hamsters. Am J Physiol 1994;267:R185-R190.

210. Rasmussen DD, Gambacciani M, Swartz W, Tueros VS, Yen SSC. Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone release from the human mediobasal hypothalamus in vitro: opiate receptor-mediated suppression. Neuroendocrinology 1989;49:150-156.

211. Raum WJ, Glass AR, Swerdloff RS. Changes in hypothalamic catecholamine neurotransmitters and pituitary gonadotropins in the immature female rats: relationship to the gonadostat theory of puberty onset. Endocrinology 1980;106:1253-1258.

212. Rauscher F, Voulalas PJ, Franza BR, Curran T. Fos and Jun bind cooperatively to the AP-1 site: reconstitution in vitro. Genes Dev 1988;2:1687-1699.

213. Reichel RP, Schweppe KW. Goserelin (Zoladex) depot in the treatment of endometriosis. Zoladex Endometriosis Study Group. Fertil Steril 1992;57:1197-2202.

214. Rettori V, Gimeno MF, Karara A, Gonzalez MC, McCann SM. Interleukin-1a inhibits prostanglandins E2 release to suppress pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone but not follicle-stimulating hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;88:2763-2767.

215. Richard D, Rivest S. The role of exercise training on thermogenesis and energy balance. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1989;67:402-409.

216. Rissman EF. Behavioral regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Biol Reprod 1996;54:413-419.

217. Rivest S, Deshaies Y, Richard D. The effects of corticotropin-releasing factor on energy balance in rats are sex-dependent. Am J Physiol 1989;257:R1417-R1422.

218. Rivest S, Laflamme N. Neuronal activity and neuropeptide gene transcription in the brain of immune-challenged rats. J Neuroendocrinol 1995;7:501-525.

219. Rivest S, Laflamme N, Nappi RE. Immune challenge and immobilization stress induce transcription of the gene encoding the CRF receptor in selective nuclei of the rat hypothalamus. J Neurosci 1995;15:2680-2695.

220. Rivest S, Landry J, Richard D. Effect of exercise training on energy balance of orchidectomized rats. Am J Physiol 1989;257:R550-R555.

221. Rivest S, Plotsky P, Rivier C. CRF alters the infundibular LHRH secretory system from the medial preoptic area of female rats: Possible involvement of opioid receptors. Neuroendocrinology 1993;57:236-246.

222. Rivest S, Richard D. Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus lesions do not prevent anorectic effect of exercise in male rats. Am J Physiol 1990;259:R579-R584.

223. Rivest S, Richard D. Involvement of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Anorexia Induced by Exercise. Brain Res Bull 1990;25:169-172.

224. Rivest S, Rivier C. Influence of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in the alteration of neuroendocrine functions induced by intermittent footshock or interleukin. Endocrinology 1991;129:2049-2057.

225. Rivest S, Rivier C. Central mechanisms and sites of action involved in the inhibitory effects of CRF and cytokines on LHRH neuronal activity. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993;697:117-141.

226. Rivest S, Rivier C. Centrally injected interleukin-1b inhibits the hypothalamic LHRH secretion and circulating LH levels via prostaglandins in rats. J Neuroendocrinol 1993;5:445-450.

227. Rivest S, Rivier C. Interleukin-1b inhibits the endogenous expression of the early gene c-fos located within the nucleus of LHRH neurons and interferes with hypothalamic LHRH release during proestrus in the rat. Brain Res 1993;613:132-142.

228. Rivest S, Rivier C. Stress and interleukin-1b-induced activation of c-fos, NGFI-B and CRF gene expression in the hypothalamic PVN: Comparison between Sprague-Dawley, Fisher-344 and Lewis rats. J Neuroendocrinol 1994;6:101-117.

229. Rivest S, Rivier C. The role of CRF and interleukin-1 in the regulation of neurons controlling reproductive functions. Endocrinol Rev 1995;16:177-199.

230. Rivest S, Torres G, Rivier C. Differential effects of central and peripheral injection of interleukin-1b on brain c-fos expression and neuroendocrine functions. Brain Res 1992;587:13-23.

231. Rivier C. Neuroendocrine effects of cytokines in the rat. Rev Neurosci 1993;4:223-237.

232. Rivier C, Brownstein M, Spiess J, Rivier J, Vale W. In vivo CRF-induced secretion of ACTH, b-endorphin and corticosterone. Endocrinology 1982;110:272-278.

233. Rivier C, Rivest S. Effect of stress on the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: Peripheral and central mechanisms. Biol Reprod 1991;45:523-532.

234. Rivier C, Rivest S. Mechanisms mediating the effects of cytokines in neuroendocrine functions in the rat. In: Chadwick DJ, Marsh J, Ackrill K, eds. Corticotropin-releasing factor. Ciba Foundation Symposium 172. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1993;204-225.

235. Rivier C, Rivier J, Vale W. Stress-induced inhibition of reproductive functions: Role of endogenous corticotropin-releasing factor. Science 1986;231:607-609.

236. Rivier C, Vale W. Influence of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on reproductive functions in the rat. Endocrinology 1984;114:914-919.

237. Rivier C, Vale W. In the rat, interleukin-1a acts at the level of the brain and the gonads to interfere with gonadotropin and sex steroid secretion. Endocrinology 1989;124:2105-2109.

238. Rivier C, Vale W. Cytokines act within the brain to inhibit LH secretion and ovulation in the rat. Endocrinology 1990;127:849-856.

239. Rivier C, Vale W, Brown M. In the rat, interleukin-1a and b stimulate ACTH and catecholamine release. Endocrinology 1989;125:3096-3102.

240. Robertson JF, Nicholson RI, Walker KJ, Blamey RW. Zoladex in advanced breast cancer. Horm Res 1989;1:206-208.

241. Roos W, Huber P, Oeze L, Eppenberger U. Hormone dependency and the action of tamoxifen in human mammary carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res 1982;2:157-162.

242. Sandow J. Inhibition of pituitary and testicular function by LHRH analogues. In: Jeffcorte SL, Sandler M, eds. Progress towards a male contraceptive. Chichester: John Wiley, 1982;19.

243. Sandow J, Jerabek-Sandow G, Krauss B, Scmidt-Gollwitzer M. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of LHRH agonists, clinical aspects. In: Labrie F, Bélanger A, Dupont A, eds. LHRH and its agonists. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984;123-137.

244. Sandow J, Von Rechenberg W, Jerzabek G, Stoll W. Pituitary gonadotropin inhibition by a highly active analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. Fertil Steril 1978;30:205-209.

245. Santen RJ, English HF, Warner BF. GnRH superagonist treatment of prostate cancer: hormonal effects with and without androgen biosynthesis inhibitor. In: Labrie F, Bélanger A, Dupont A, eds. LHRH and its agonists. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984;336-348.

246. Saphner T, Troxel AB, Tormey DC, et al. Phase II study of goserelin for patients with postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:1529-35.

247. Sarkar D, Yen S. Hyperprolactinemia decreases the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone concentration in pituitary portal plasma: a possible role for b-endorphin as mediator. Endocrinology 1985;116:2080-2084.

248. Sassone-Corsi P. Goals for signal transduction pathways: linking up with transcriptional regulation. EMBO J 1994;13:4717-4728.

249. Sawchenko PE, Imaki T, Potter E, Kovács K, Vale W. The functional neuroanatomy of corticotropin-releasing factor. In: Chadwick DJ, Marsh J, Ackrill K, eds. Corticotropin-releasing factor. Ciba Foundation Symposium 172. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1993;5-29.

250. Scambia G, Panici PB, Baiocchi G, et al. Growth inhibitory effect of LH-RH analogs on human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res 1988;8:187-190.

251. Schally AV, Arimura A, Baba Y, et al. Isolation and properties of the FSH and LH-releasing hormone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971;43:393-399.

252. Schally AV, Kastin AJ, Coy DH. Edward T. Tyler Prize Oration: LH-releasing hormone and its analogues: recent basic and clinical investigations. Int J Fertil 1976;21:1-30.

253. Schally AV, Redding TW, Comaru Schally AM. Inhibition of the growth of some hormone dependent tumors by D-Trp6-LH-RH. Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 1984;1:109-18.

254. Schreihofer DA, Amico JA, Cameron JL. Reversal of fasting-induced suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in male rhesus monkeys by intragastric nutrient infusion: Evidence for rapid stimulation of LH by nutritional signals. Endocrinology 1993;132:1890-1897.

255. Schreihofer DA, Parfitt DB, Cameron JL. Suppression of luteinizing hormone secretion during short-term fasting in male rhesus monkeys: The role of metabolic versus stress signals. Endocrinology 1993;132:1881-1889.

256. Schwanzel-Fukuda M, Pfaff DW. Origin of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons. Nature 1989;338:161-164.

257. Schwartz JA, Sherman B, Martin R. Bone density in amenorrheic women with and without hyperprolactinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983;56:1120-1123.

258. Schwartz SM, Numez AA, Axelson JF. Effects of voluntary exercise on sexual behavior in female rats. Physiol Behav 1983;30:963-966.

259. Schwarztein L. Diagnostic and therapeutic use of LHRH in infertility in man. In: Labrie F, Meites J, Pelletier G, eds. Hypothalamus and endocrine functions. New York: Plenum Press, 1976;73-91.

260. Selye H. Effect of adaptation to various damaging agents on the female sex organs in the rat. Endocrinology 1939;25:615-624.

261. Shaw RW. Mechanism of LHRH analogue action in uterine fibroids. Horm Res 1989;1:150-153.

262. Shaw RW, Fraser HM, Boyle H. Intranasal treatment with luteinising hormone releasing hormone agonist in women with endometriosis. Br Med J Clin Res Ed 1983;287:1667-1669.

263. Sheng M, Greenberg ME. The regulation and function of c-fos and other immediate early genes in the nervous system. Neuron 1990;4:477-495.

264. Silverman AJ, Antunes JL, Abrams GM, et al. The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pathways in rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and pigtailed (Macaca nemestrina) monkeys: new observations on think, unembedded sections. J Comp Neurol 1982;211:309-317.

265. Silverman AJ, Livne I, Witkin JW. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), neuronal system: Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. In: Knobil E, Neill JD, eds. The physiology of reproduction. New York: Raven Press, 1994;1683-1709.

266. Silverman AJ, Witkin JW. Biosynthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone during the rat estrous cycle: A cellular analysis. Neuroendocrinology 1994;59:545-551.

267. Silverman AJ, Zimmerman EA, Gibson MJ, et al. Implantation of normal fetal preoptic area into hypogonadal mutant mice: Temporal relationships of the growth of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons and the development of the pituitary/testicular axis. Neuroscience 1985;16:69-84.

268. Silverman A-J, Jhamandas J, Renaud LP. Localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons that project to the median eminence. J Neurosci 1987;7:2312-2319.

269. Solomon MH, McHugh TA, Dorr RP, Lee F, Siders DB. Hormone ablation therapy as neoadjuvant treatment to radical prostatectomy. Clin Invest Med 1993;16:532-538.

270. Soloway MS, Hachiya T, Civantos F, Murphy WM, Gomez CC, Ruiz HE. Androgen deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy for T2b and T3 prostate cancer. Urology 1994;43:52-56.

271. Soules MR, McCarty KS, Jr. Leiomyomas: steroid receptor content. Variation within normal menstrual cycles. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982;143:6-11.

272. Southworth MB, Matsumoto AM, Gross KM, Soules MR, Bremner WJ. The importance of signal pattern in the transmission of endocrine information: pituitary gonadotropin responses to continuous and pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;72:1286-1289.

273. St-Arnaud R, Lachance R, Kelly SJ, Bélanger A, Dupont A, Labrie F. Loss of luteinizing hormone (LH) bioactivity in patients with prostatic cancer treated with an LHRH agonist and a pure antiandrogen. Clin Endocrinol 1986;24:21-30.

274. Steingold KA, Cedars M, Lu JK, Randle D, Judd HL, Meldrum DR. Treatment of endometriosis with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Obstet Gynecol 1987;69:403-411.

275. Stojilkovic SS, Reinhart J, Catt KJ. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors: structure and signal transduction pathways. Endocrinol Rev 1994;15:462-499.

276. Stovall TG, Ling FW, Henry LC, Woodruff MR. A randomized trial evaluating leuprolide acetate before hysterectomy as treatment for leiomyomas. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991;164:1420-1423.

277. Surrey ES. Steroidal and nonsteroidal "add-back" therapy: extending safety and efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in the gynecologic patient. Fertil Steril 1995;64:673-85.

278. Surrey ES, Gambone JC, Lu JK, Judd HL. The effects of combining norethindrone with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in the treatment of symptomatic endometriosis. Fertil Steril 1990;53:620-626.

279. Surrey ES, Judd HL. Reduction of vasomotor symptoms and bone mineral density loss with combined norethindrone and long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy of symptomatic endometriosis: a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992;75:558-563.

280. Surrey ES, Voigt B, Fournet N, Judd HL. Prolonged gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment of symptomatic endometriosis: the role of cyclic sodium etidronate and low-dose norethindrone "add-back" therapy. Fertil Steril 1995;63:747-755.

281. Taupin V, Toulmond S, Serrano A, Benavides J, Zavala F. Increase IL-6, IL-1 and TNF levels in rat brain following traumatic lesion. J Neuroimmunol 1993;42:177-186.

282. Thompson IM, Zeidman EJ, Rodriguez FR. Sudden death due to disease flare with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist therapy for carcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 1990;144:1479-1480.

283. Thorpe SM, Rose C, Rasmussen BB, Mouridsen HT, Bayer T, Keiding N. Prognostic value of steroid hormone receptors: multivariate analysis of systemically untreated patients with node negative primary breast cancer. Cancer Res 1987;47:6126-6133.

284. Tummon IS, Ali A, Pepping ME, Radwanska E, Binor Z, Dmowski WP. Bone mineral density in women with endometriosis before and during ovarian suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists or danazol. Fertil Steril 1988;49:792-796.

285. Turcot Lemay L, Cusan L, Sequin C, Kelly P, Labrie F. Effect of an LHRH analog on growth and hormone receptor levels in DMBA-induced mammary tumors in the rat. J Recept Res 1981;2:135-151.

286. Vale W, Spiess J, Rivier C, Rivier J. Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates secretion of corticotropin and b-endorphin. Science 1981;213:1394-1397.

287. Valimaki M, Nilsson CG, Roine R, Ylikorkala O. Comparison between the effects of nafarelin and danazol on serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989;69:1097-1103.

288. Vamvakopoulos NC, Chrousos GP. Hormonal regulation of human corticotropin-releasing hormone gene expression: implications for the stress response and immune/inflammatory reaction. Endocrinol Rev 1994;15:409-431.

289. van Leusden HA, Dogterom AA. Rapid reduction of uterine leiomyomas with monthly injections of D-Trp6-GnRH. Gynecol Endocrinol 1988;2:45-51.

290. VanVugt DA, Piercy J, Farley AE, Reid RL, Rivest S. Luteinizing hormone secretion and neuroendocrine corticotropin-releasing factor gene expression in Rhesus monkeys following cortisol synthesis inhibition. Endocrinology 1997;138:2249-2258.

291. Vickerey BH, McRae GI, Tallentine D. Disparate effects of daily versus continuous administration of a potent LHRH agonist in plasma LH levels in female rehsus monkeys. Fertil Steril 1983;39:417 (abst.).

292. Vickery BH. Comparison of the potential for therapeutic utilities with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and antagonists. Endocrinol Rev 1986;7:115-24.

293. Wakeling AE. Steroid antagonists as nuclear receptor blockers. Cancer Surv 1992;14:71-85.

294. Walker CD, Dallman MF, Palmer AA, Steele MK. Involvement of central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in suckling-induced inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion in lactating rats. J Neuroendocrinol 1993;5:451-459.

295. Watanabe G, Terasawa E. In vitro release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone increase with puberty in the female rhesus monkey. Endocrinology 1989;125:92-99.

296. Waxman J, Man A, Hendry WF, et al. Importance of early tumour exacerbation in patients treated with long acting analogues of gonadotrophin releasing hormone for advanced prostatic cancer. Br Med J 1985;291:1387-1388.

297. West CP, Lumsden MA, Lawson S, Williamson J, Baird DT. Shrinkage of uterine fibroids during therapy with goserelin ( Zoladex): a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist administered as a monthly subcutaneous depot. Fertil Steril 1987;48:45-51.

298. Wildt L, Marshall G, Knobil E. Experimental induction of puberty in the infantile female rhesus monkey. Science 1980;207:1373-1375.

299. Williams G, Kerle DJ, Ware H, et al. Objective responses to ketoconazole therapy in patients with relapsed progressive prostatic cancer. Br J Urol 1986;58:45-51.

300. Williams MR, Walker KJ, Turkes A, Blamey RW, Nicholson RI. The use of an LH-RH agonist (ICI 118630, Zoladex) in advanced premenopausal breast cancer. Br J Cancer 1986;53:629-636.

301. Wise PM, Scaborough K, Weiland NG, Larson GH. Diurnal pattern of proopiomelanocortin gene expression in the arcuate nucleus of proestrous, ovariectomized and steroid-treated rats: a possible role in cyclic luteinizing hormone secretion. Mol Endocrinol 1990;4:886-892.

302. Woodroofe MN, Sarna GS, Wadhwa M, et al. Detection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in adult rat brain, following mechanical injury, by in vivo microdialysis: evidence of a role for microglia in cytokine production. J Neuroimmunol 1991;33:227-236.

303. Wray S, Grant P, Gainer H. Evidence that cells expressing luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone mRNA in the mouse are dirived from progenitor cells in the olfactory placode. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989;86:8132-8136.

304. Wray S, Hoffman G. Postnatal morphological changes in rat LHRH neurons correlated with sexual maturation. Neuroendocrinology 1986;43:93-97.

305. Yen SS, Tsai CC, Naftolin F, Vandenberg G, Ajabor L. Pulsatile patterns of gonadotropin release in subjects with and without ovarian function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972;34:671-675.

306. Ying SY, Guillemin R. DTrp6-Pro9-NEt)-luteinising hormone-releasing factor inhibits follicular development in hypophysectomised rats. Nature 1979;280:593-5.

307. Zakaria M, Dunn IC, Zhen S, et al. Phorbol ester regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene in GnRH-secreting cell lines: A molecular basis for species differences. Mol Endocrinol 1996;10:1282-1291.

308. Zoeller RT, Seeburg PH, Young WS. In situ hybridization histochemistry for messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) encoding gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): Effect of estrogen on cellular levels of GnRH mRNA in female rat brain. Endocrinology 1988;122:2570-2579.

309. Zoeller RT, Young WS. Changes in cellular levels of messenger ribonucleic acid encoding gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the anterior hypothalamus of female rats during the estrus cycle. Endocrinology 1988;123:1688-1689.